DHEA

Dehydroepiandrosterone is the most abundant circulating steroid, produced primarily by the adrenal cortex.

Mechanism: A precursor that converts to androgens (testosterone, DHT) or estrogens (estradiol) downstream. Making it useful for both sexes, though tissue-selective. Levels peak in the early 20s and decline ~80% by age 70.

Lab range: DHEA-S (the sulfated form, more stable) is the lab test. Twenties peak ~400–500 µg/dL; seventies ~30–50.

Caveats: Oral supplementation in older adults is common but variable. Women generally need lower doses than men. Track DHEA-S, not DHEA. High doses can elevate hair loss or androgenic side effects.